2020 Election Cycle

Where did Democratic donor money really go?

We analyzed every FEC disbursement from the 2020 cycle to identify consultants who repeatedly took on unwinnable races — collecting fees and commissions while competitive races went underfunded. All data is sourced directly from FEC public filings.

Donor $ in hopeless races
Senate + House, 2020
Hopeless Dem races
PVI R+8 or worse with incumbent
Est. consultant commissions
From hopeless races only
ActBlue fees (hopeless)
Processing fees on losing races
Hall of shame — biggest dollar extraction from hopeless races
Consultants ranked by total dollars managed in races that were structurally unwinnable before a single dollar was raised. A "hopeless" race has a Cook PVI of R+8 or worse with an incumbent opponent present. Commissions are estimated at standard industry rates (15% media/digital, 18% mail) applied to FEC-reported disbursements.
Filter by type:
# Consultant / firm Type Hopeless races $ in hopeless races ↓ Est. commission Hopeless rate

Worst offenders — highest hopeless race rate
Ranked by the percentage of Democratic races they worked that were hopeless before they were hired. A high rate is not bad luck — it is a pattern of choosing easy fees over competitive impact. Minimum 2 scored races and $500K managed to qualify.

The money pits — biggest hopeless Senate races
The individual campaigns where donor money was most concentrated in structurally unwinnable races. Every consultant on these campaigns knew the district lean before signing their contract.

Platform accountability — ActBlue and WinRed
Both platforms collect a 3.95% fee on every dollar processed. Neither platform shows donors any warning when a race has a low win probability. They have a direct financial incentive to maximize donation volume regardless of electoral impact.

Methodology

Data source

All financial data is drawn from FEC bulk download files for the 2020 election cycle (oppexp20.zip, cn20.zip, cm20.zip). These are public records available at fec.gov. All dollar figures reflect FEC-reported disbursements from principal campaign committees.

Hopeless race definition

A race is classified as HOPELESS if it meets all three conditions as they existed before the election: (1) Cook Partisan Voting Index of R+8 or worse for a Democratic candidate, or D+8 or worse for a Republican candidate; (2) an incumbent opponent is present (candidate is coded as a challenger in FEC data); (3) the challenging party has not won that seat in the prior three election cycles. The cutoff of R+8 was chosen because an entrenched incumbent in an R+8 district has never been defeated by a Democratic challenger in the modern era.

Commission estimates

Commission estimates are calculated by applying standard industry rates to FEC-reported disbursements by category: 15% for broadcast media placements; 15% for digital and online advertising; 18% for direct mail (reflecting higher production markups); 0% for polling, canvassing, and strategy fees (which are direct fee arrangements). These are estimates based on documented industry norms — actual commission rates may vary. All commission figures are clearly labeled as estimates throughout this site.

Vendor deduplication

FEC data contains multiple name variants for the same firm (e.g. "GMMB INC", "GMMB, INC.", "GMMB"). We applied a canonical name mapping and fuzzy matching algorithm to consolidate variants. The canonical mapping is publicly available in our GitHub repository.

What this data does not show

This analysis does not make allegations of fraud or illegal conduct. Consultants are entitled to take any legal contract. This analysis shows patterns in public data and allows donors to make more informed decisions. Win/loss records for individual consultants are not yet included in this version — that feature is in development for the next release.